mirror of
https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch.git
synced 2025-10-20 21:14:14 +08:00
06604c4ec1
This makes OpHandler just a normal class using inheritance, and removes typing workarounds needed because it wasn't Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/146257 Approved by: https://github.com/shunting314 ghstack dependencies: #146252, #146254, #146255
606 lines
21 KiB
Python
606 lines
21 KiB
Python
# This is not a feature-complete compiler backend
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# Just an early prototype that shows that one can compile elementwise ops into a Metal shader
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from __future__ import annotations
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import itertools
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from typing import Any, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
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from sympy.printing.precedence import PRECEDENCE
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import torch
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from torch.utils._sympy.printers import ExprPrinter as ExprPrinter_
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from torch.utils._sympy.value_ranges import ValueRanges
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from ..utils import get_bounds_index_expr, get_kernel_metadata
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from ..virtualized import ops, OpsWrapper, V
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from .common import (
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CSEVariable,
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DeferredLine,
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DTYPE_TO_COMPUTATION_DTYPE,
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IndentedBuffer,
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OpOverrides,
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PythonPrinter,
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)
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from .simd import IterationRangesEntry, SIMDKernel, SIMDScheduling
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if TYPE_CHECKING:
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from typing import Union
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import sympy
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from ..ops_handler import ReductionType, StoreMode
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from ..scheduler import Scheduler, SchedulerNode
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from .common import OpVarT
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DTYPE_TO_METAL = {
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torch.bool: "bool",
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torch.int8: "char",
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torch.int16: "short",
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torch.int32: "int",
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torch.int64: "long",
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torch.uint8: "uchar",
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torch.float: "float",
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torch.half: "half",
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torch.bfloat16: "bfloat",
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}
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def value_to_metal(val: Union[float, int, bool, str, CSEVariable]) -> str:
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if isinstance(val, float):
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if val == torch.inf:
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return "HUGE_VALF"
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elif val == -torch.inf:
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return "-HUGE_VALF"
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elif val != val: # Only float that not equal to self is nan
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return "NAN"
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return str(val)
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elif isinstance(val, bool):
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return "true" if val else "false"
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return str(val)
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class MetalExprPrinter(ExprPrinter_):
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def _print_FloorDiv(self, expr: sympy.Expr) -> str:
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x, div = expr.args
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x = self.doprint(x)
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div = self.doprint(div)
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if expr.is_integer:
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return f"({x}) / ({div})"
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return f"metal::floor({x}) / ({div})"
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def _print_ModularIndexing(self, expr: sympy.Expr) -> str:
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x, div, mod = expr.args
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x = self.doprint(x)
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if div != 1:
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div = self.doprint(div)
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if expr.is_integer:
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x = f"({x}) / ({div})"
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else:
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x = f"metal::floor({x}) / ({div})"
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mod = self.doprint(mod)
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return f"({x}) % ({mod})"
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def _print_Min(self, expr: sympy.Expr) -> str:
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if len(expr.args) != 2:
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raise RuntimeError("metal::min only supported for 2 args")
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return f"metal::min({', '.join(map(self._print, expr.args))})"
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def _print_Max(self, expr: sympy.Expr) -> str:
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if len(expr.args) != 2:
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raise RuntimeError("metal::max only supported for 2 args")
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return f"metal::max({', '.join(map(self._print, expr.args))})"
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def _print_Abs(self, expr: sympy.Expr) -> str:
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assert len(expr.args) == 1
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return f"metal::abs({self._print(expr.args[0])})"
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def _print_RoundToInt(self, expr: sympy.Expr) -> str:
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assert len(expr.args) == 1
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return f"static_cast<long>(metal::rint({self._print(expr.args[0])}))"
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def _print_RoundDecimal(self, expr: sympy.Expr) -> str:
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assert len(expr.args) == 2
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number, ndigits = expr.args
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if number.is_integer:
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# ndigits < 0 should have been filtered by the sympy function
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assert ndigits < 0
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raise ValueError(
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f"For integer inputs, only non-negative ndigits are currently supported, but got {ndigits}."
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)
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number_str = self.parenthesize(number, PRECEDENCE["Mul"])
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return f"static_cast<float>(metal::rint(1e{ndigits} * {number_str}) * 1e{-ndigits})"
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def _print_IntTrueDiv(self, expr: sympy.Expr) -> str:
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lhs, rhs = expr.args
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# TODO: This is only accurate up to 2**23
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return f"static_cast<float>({self._print(lhs)}) / static_cast<float>({self._print(rhs)})"
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class MetalOverrides(OpOverrides):
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@staticmethod
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def to_dtype(
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x: CSEVariable,
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dtype: torch.dtype,
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src_dtype: Optional[torch.dtype] = None,
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use_compute_types: bool = True,
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) -> str:
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return f"static_cast<{DTYPE_TO_METAL[dtype]}>({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def to_dtype_bitcast(
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x: CSEVariable, dtype: torch.dtype, src_dtype: torch.dtype
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) -> str:
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return f"*reinterpret_cast<thread {DTYPE_TO_METAL[dtype]}*>(&{x})"
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@staticmethod
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def constant(val: Union[bool, float, int], dtype: torch.dtype) -> str:
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return value_to_metal(val)
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@staticmethod
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def index_expr(expr: sympy.Expr, dtype: torch.dtype) -> str:
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idx_str = V.kernel.index_to_str(V.kernel.prepare_indexing(expr))
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var = V.kernel.cse.generate(
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V.kernel.compute, idx_str, bounds=get_bounds_index_expr(expr)
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)
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return ops.to_dtype(var, dtype)
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@staticmethod
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def masked(mask: CSEVariable, body: sympy.Expr, other: CSEVariable) -> str:
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# TODO: Type annotation for other is wrong, it's often float or int
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with V.kernel.mask_loads(mask, other) as new_mask:
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result = body()
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if result.bounds.is_bool:
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other = bool(other) # type: ignore[assignment]
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return ops.where(new_mask, result, other)
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@staticmethod
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def where(a: OpVarT, b: OpVarT, c: OpVarT) -> str:
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return f"{a} ? {b} : {value_to_metal(c)}"
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@staticmethod
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def remainder(a: OpVarT, b: OpVarT) -> str:
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if (
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isinstance(b, CSEVariable)
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and b.dtype is not None
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and not b.dtype.is_floating_point
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):
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return f"{a} % {b}"
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# Upcast to float otherwise results of remainder op are wrong for half
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float_a = (
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f"static_cast<float>({a})"
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if isinstance(a, CSEVariable) and a.dtype != torch.float
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else a
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)
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float_b = (
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f"static_cast<float>({b})"
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if isinstance(b, CSEVariable) and b.dtype != torch.float
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else b
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)
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return f"{float_a} - {float_b} * metal::floor({float_a} / {float_b})"
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@staticmethod
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def maximum(a: CSEVariable, b: CSEVariable) -> str:
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typecast_a = f"static_cast<decltype({a}+{b})>({a})"
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typecast_b = f"static_cast<decltype({a}+{b})>({b})"
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return f"c10::metal::max({typecast_a}, {typecast_b})"
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@staticmethod
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def minimum(a: CSEVariable, b: CSEVariable) -> str:
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typecast_a = f"static_cast<decltype({a}+{b})>({a})"
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typecast_b = f"static_cast<decltype({a}+{b})>({b})"
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return f"c10::metal::min({typecast_a}, {typecast_b})"
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@staticmethod
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def logical_or(a: CSEVariable, b: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"{a} || {b}"
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@staticmethod
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def logical_and(a: CSEVariable, b: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"{a} && {b}"
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@staticmethod
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def isnan(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::isnan({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def isinf(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::isinf({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def log(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::log({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def exp(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::exp({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def abs(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::abs({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def signbit(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::signbit({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def sin(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::precise::sin({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def sinc(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::sinc({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def cos(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::precise::cos({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def i0(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::i0({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def i1(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::i1({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def erf(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::erf({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def erfinv(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::erfinv({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def lgamma(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::log_gamma({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def polygamma(x: CSEVariable, y: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::polygamma({x}, {y})"
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@staticmethod
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def digamma(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::digamma({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def tan(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::tan({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def asin(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::asin({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def acos(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::acos({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def atan(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::atan({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def sqrt(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::sqrt({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def rsqrt(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::rsqrt({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def tanh(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::tanh({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def atanh(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::atanh({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def floordiv(a: CSEVariable, b: CSEVariable) -> str:
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# a and b are integer type
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quot = f"{a} / {b}"
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rem = f"{a} % {b}"
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return f"(({a} < 0) != ({b} < 0) ? ({rem} != 0 ? {quot} - 1 : {quot}) : {quot})"
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@staticmethod
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def floor(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::floor({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def sign(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::sign({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def fmod(a: CSEVariable, b: CSEVariable) -> str:
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typecast_a = f"static_cast<decltype({a}+{b})>({a})"
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typecast_b = f"static_cast<decltype({a}+{b})>({b})"
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return f"metal::fmod({typecast_a}, {typecast_b})"
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@staticmethod
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def trunc(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::trunc({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def truncdiv(a: CSEVariable, b: CSEVariable) -> str:
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# Upcast to float otherwise the generated code doesn't typecheck.
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# TODO (dcci): remove this workaround
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float_a = f"static_cast<float>({a})" if a.dtype != torch.float else a
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float_b = f"static_cast<float>({b})" if b.dtype != torch.float else b
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return f"metal::trunc({float_a}/{float_b})"
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@staticmethod
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def ceil(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::ceil({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def rand(seed: CSEVariable, offset: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::rand({seed}, {offset})"
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@staticmethod
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def randn(seed: CSEVariable, offset: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::randn({seed}, {offset})"
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@staticmethod
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def randint64(
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seed: CSEVariable, offset: CSEVariable, low: CSEVariable, high: CSEVariable
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) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::randint64({seed}, {offset}, {low}, {high})"
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@staticmethod
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def round(x: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"metal::round({x})"
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@staticmethod
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def pow(a: CSEVariable, b: CSEVariable) -> str:
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cast_a = f"static_cast<decltype({a}+{b})>({a})"
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cast_b = f"static_cast<decltype({a}+{b})>({b})"
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return f"metal::pow({cast_a}, {cast_b})"
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@staticmethod
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def zeta(a: CSEVariable, b: CSEVariable) -> str:
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return f"c10::metal::zeta({a}, {b})"
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MetalOverrides._initialize_pointwise_overrides("mps")
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class MetalKernel(SIMDKernel):
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overrides = MetalOverrides # type: ignore[assignment]
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suffix = ";"
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newvar_prefix = "auto "
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pexpr = PythonPrinter().doprint
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sexpr = MetalExprPrinter().doprint
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kexpr = sexpr
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def __init__(
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self,
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tiling: dict[str, sympy.Expr],
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**kwargs: Any,
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) -> None:
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super().__init__(tiling, **kwargs)
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self.compute = self.body
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self.acc_var_ids = itertools.count()
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def dtype_to_str(self, dtype: torch.dtype) -> str:
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return DTYPE_TO_METAL[dtype]
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def load(self, name: str, index: sympy.Expr) -> CSEVariable:
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"""Codegen a load from an InputBuffer"""
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var = self.args.input(name)
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index = self.prepare_indexing(index)
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line = f"{var}[{self.index_to_str(index)}]"
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return self.cse.generate(self.loads, line, dtype=V.graph.get_dtype(name))
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def store(
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self, name: str, index: sympy.Expr, value: CSEVariable, mode: StoreMode = None
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) -> None:
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var = self.args.output(name)
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index = self.prepare_indexing(index)
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dtype_str = self.dtype_to_str(V.graph.get_dtype(name))
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line = f"{var}[{self.index_to_str(index)}] = static_cast<{dtype_str}>({value});"
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self.stores.writeline(DeferredLine(name, line))
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def _new_accvar(
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self,
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dtype: torch.dtype,
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elem_count: Optional[int] = None,
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bounds: ValueRanges[Any] = ValueRanges.unknown(),
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) -> CSEVariable:
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var_name = f"tmp_acc_{next(self.acc_var_ids)}"
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var = V.kernel.create_cse_var(var_name, bounds, dtype)
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if elem_count:
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self.loads.writeline(
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f"threadgroup {self.dtype_to_str(dtype)} {var_name}[{elem_count}];"
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)
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else:
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self.loads.writeline(f"threadgroup {self.dtype_to_str(dtype)} {var_name};")
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return var
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def reduction(
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self,
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dtype: torch.dtype,
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src_dtype: torch.dtype,
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reduction_type: ReductionType,
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value: Union[CSEVariable, tuple[CSEVariable, ...]],
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) -> Union[CSEVariable, tuple[CSEVariable, ...]]:
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"""Codegen a reduction operation"""
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reduction_dim = next(t for t in self.range_trees if t.is_reduction)
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if reduction_type == "any":
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acc = self._new_accvar(dtype)
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self.loads.writeline(f"{acc} = false;")
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self.body.splice(
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f"""
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if ({value}) {{
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{acc} = true;
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}}
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"""
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)
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return acc
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if reduction_type in ["prod", "sum"]:
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acc_buf = self._new_accvar(src_dtype, reduction_dim.numel)
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self.body.splice(f"{acc_buf}[{reduction_dim.name}] = {value};")
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return self.cse.generate(
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self.body,
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f"c10::metal::threadgroup_{reduction_type}({acc_buf}, {reduction_dim.numel})",
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dtype=DTYPE_TO_COMPUTATION_DTYPE[dtype],
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)
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if reduction_type in ["max", "min", "argmax", "argmin"]:
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acc_buf = self._new_accvar(src_dtype, reduction_dim.numel)
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self.body.splice(
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f"{acc_buf}[{reduction_dim.name}] = static_cast<{DTYPE_TO_METAL[src_dtype]}>({value});"
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)
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return self.cse.generate(
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self.body,
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f"c10::metal::threadgroup_{reduction_type}({acc_buf}, {reduction_dim.numel})",
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dtype=dtype,
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)
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if reduction_type == "welford_reduce":
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acc_buf = self._new_accvar(src_dtype, reduction_dim.numel)
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self.body.splice(f"{acc_buf}[{reduction_dim.name}] = {value};")
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wf_res = self.cse.generate(
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self.body,
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f"c10::metal::threadgroup_{reduction_type}({acc_buf}, {reduction_dim.numel})",
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)
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return OpsWrapper._unwrap(
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(f"{wf_res}.x", f"{wf_res}.y", self.features.reduction_numel)
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)
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raise NotImplementedError(reduction_type)
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|
|
|
def codegen_iteration_ranges_entry(self, entry: IterationRangesEntry) -> None:
|
|
index_expr = self.rename_indexing(entry.expr)
|
|
index_str = self.sexpr(index_expr) # type: ignore[misc]
|
|
self.loads.writeline(f"{self.index_dtype} {entry.name} = {index_str};")
|
|
|
|
def codegen_kernel(self, name: Optional[str] = None) -> str:
|
|
"""Called at the end to generate a final kernel string"""
|
|
code = IndentedBuffer()
|
|
code.writeline('compile_mps_shader("""')
|
|
idx_var_names = [v.name for v in self.active_range_trees()]
|
|
with code.indent():
|
|
code.splice(
|
|
"""
|
|
#include <c10/metal/random.h>
|
|
#include <c10/metal/special_math.h>
|
|
#include <c10/metal/utils.h>
|
|
""",
|
|
strip=True,
|
|
)
|
|
if self.inside_reduction:
|
|
code.writeline("#include <c10/metal/reduction_utils.h>")
|
|
code.writeline("kernel void generated_kernel(")
|
|
with code.indent():
|
|
for outer, inner in self.args.output_buffers.items():
|
|
if outer in self.removed_buffers:
|
|
continue
|
|
dtype_str = self.dtype_to_str(V.graph.get_dtype(outer))
|
|
code.writeline(f"device {dtype_str}* {inner},")
|
|
for outer, inner in self.args.input_buffers.items():
|
|
dtype_str = self.dtype_to_str(V.graph.get_dtype(outer))
|
|
code.writeline(f"constant {dtype_str}* {inner},")
|
|
for outer, inner in self.args.sizevars.items():
|
|
code.writeline(f"constant long& {inner},")
|
|
assert len(idx_var_names) < 4, "Up to 3 index variables are supported"
|
|
thread_pos_dtype = (
|
|
f"uint{len(idx_var_names)}" if len(idx_var_names) > 1 else "uint"
|
|
)
|
|
thread_pos_var_name = (
|
|
idx_var_names[0] if len(idx_var_names) == 1 else "thread_pos"
|
|
)
|
|
thread_pos_suffix = "," if self.inside_reduction else ""
|
|
code.writeline(
|
|
f"{thread_pos_dtype} {thread_pos_var_name} [[thread_position_in_grid]]{thread_pos_suffix}"
|
|
)
|
|
if self.inside_reduction:
|
|
code.writeline(
|
|
f"{thread_pos_dtype} group_pos [[thread_position_in_threadgroup]]"
|
|
)
|
|
code.writeline(") {")
|
|
with code.indent():
|
|
if len(idx_var_names) > 1:
|
|
for idx, name in enumerate(idx_var_names):
|
|
code.writeline(f"auto {name} = thread_pos.{chr(120 + idx)};")
|
|
code.splice(self.loads)
|
|
if self.inside_reduction:
|
|
code.writeline(
|
|
"threadgroup_barrier(metal::mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);"
|
|
)
|
|
code.splice(self.body)
|
|
if self.inside_reduction:
|
|
code.writeline(
|
|
"threadgroup_barrier(metal::mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);"
|
|
)
|
|
code.splice(self.stores)
|
|
code.writeline("}")
|
|
code.writeline('""")')
|
|
|
|
return code.getvalue()
|
|
|
|
def call_kernel(self, name: str, node: Any = None) -> None:
|
|
"""Codegen a call to this kernel"""
|
|
wrapper = V.graph.wrapper_code
|
|
args = [*self.args.output_buffers.keys(), *self.args.input_buffers.keys()]
|
|
args = [arg for arg in args if arg not in self.removed_buffers]
|
|
args += [str(v) for v in self.args.sizevars.keys()]
|
|
if len(self.active_range_trees()) > 0:
|
|
threads = [self.pexpr(v.numel) for v in self.active_range_trees()] # type: ignore[misc]
|
|
args += [f"threads=[{', '.join(threads)}]"]
|
|
if self.inside_reduction:
|
|
threads = [self.pexpr(v.numel) if v.is_reduction else "1" for v in self.active_range_trees()] # type: ignore[misc]
|
|
args += [f"group_size=[{', '.join(threads)}]"]
|
|
|
|
wrapper.generate_kernel_call(
|
|
name,
|
|
args,
|
|
gpu=False, # TODO: Fix me, MPS does not expose streams now
|
|
triton=False,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def check_bounds(
|
|
self, expr: sympy.Expr, size: sympy.Expr, lower: bool, upper: bool
|
|
) -> None:
|
|
if not (lower or upper):
|
|
return
|
|
# TODO(malfet): support asserts
|
|
# See https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/144634
|
|
expr_str = self.index_to_str(expr)
|
|
lower_expr = f"{expr_str} < 0" if lower else ""
|
|
upper_expr = f"{expr_str} >= {self.index_to_str(size)}" if upper else ""
|
|
if lower and upper:
|
|
line = f"if (({lower_expr}) && ({upper_expr})) return"
|
|
else:
|
|
line = f"if ({lower_expr}{upper_expr}) return"
|
|
self.cse.generate(self.body, line, assignment=False)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class MetalScheduling(SIMDScheduling):
|
|
kernel_type = MetalKernel # type: ignore[assignment]
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, scheduler: Optional[Scheduler]) -> None:
|
|
super().__init__(scheduler)
|
|
wrapper = V.graph.wrapper_code
|
|
if wrapper is not None:
|
|
wrapper.header.splice(
|
|
"from torch._inductor.runtime.runtime_utils import compile_mps_shader"
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def define_kernel(
|
|
self, src_code: str, node_schedule: list[SchedulerNode], kernel: MetalKernel
|
|
) -> str:
|
|
wrapper = V.graph.wrapper_code
|
|
if src_code in wrapper.src_to_kernel:
|
|
kernel_name = wrapper.src_to_kernel[src_code]
|
|
else:
|
|
# TODO: Merge multiple kernels into a single library
|
|
# Either using MultiKernel concept or overriding SIMDScheduling.codegen_node_scheduling
|
|
mps_lib_name = f"mps_lib_{wrapper.next_kernel_suffix()}"
|
|
kernel_name = f"{mps_lib_name}.generated_kernel"
|
|
wrapper.src_to_kernel[src_code] = kernel_name
|
|
origins, detailed_origins = get_kernel_metadata(node_schedule, wrapper)
|
|
metadata_comment = f"{origins}\n{detailed_origins}"
|
|
wrapper.define_kernel(mps_lib_name, src_code, metadata_comment)
|
|
|
|
return kernel_name
|