[Inductor] support masked vectorization for the tail_loop for float64 datatype (#163316)

**Summary:**
Support masked vectorization for the tail_loop for float64 datatype.

**Example:**
```
import torch

def fn(x):
    return x * x

x = torch.randn((22, 22), dtype=torch.double)
with torch.no_grad():
    compiled_fn = torch.compile(fn)
    compiled_fn(x)
```

**Generated code:**

- Before
```
cpp_fused_mul_0 = async_compile.cpp_pybinding(['const double*', 'double*'], r'''
#include <torch/csrc/inductor/cpp_prefix.h>
extern "C"  void  kernel(const double* in_ptr0,
                       double* out_ptr0)
{
    {
        for(int64_t x0=static_cast<int64_t>(0L); x0<static_cast<int64_t>(484L); x0+=static_cast<int64_t>(16L))
        {
            {
                if(C10_LIKELY(x0 >= static_cast<int64_t>(0) && x0 < static_cast<int64_t>(480L)))
                {
                    auto tmp0 = at::vec::VectorizedN<double,2>::loadu(in_ptr0 + static_cast<int64_t>(x0), static_cast<int64_t>(16));
                    auto tmp1 = tmp0 * tmp0;
                    tmp1.store(out_ptr0 + static_cast<int64_t>(x0), static_cast<int64_t>(16));
                }
                if(C10_UNLIKELY(x0 >= static_cast<int64_t>(480L) && x0 < static_cast<int64_t>(484L)))
                {
                    for (int64_t x0_tail = static_cast<int64_t>(480L);x0_tail < static_cast<int64_t>(484L); x0_tail++)
                    {
                        auto tmp0 = in_ptr0[static_cast<int64_t>(x0_tail)];
                        auto tmp1 = double(tmp0 * tmp0);
                        out_ptr0[static_cast<int64_t>(x0_tail)] = tmp1;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
''')

async_compile.wait(globals())
del async_compile

class Runner:
    def __init__(self, partitions):
        self.partitions = partitions

    def recursively_apply_fns(self, fns):
        new_callables = []
        for fn, c in zip(fns, self.partitions):
            new_callables.append(fn(c))
        self.partitions = new_callables

    def call(self, args):
        arg0_1, = args
        args.clear()
        assert_size_stride(arg0_1, (22, 22), (22, 1))
        buf0 = empty_strided_cpu((22, 22), (22, 1), torch.float64)
        # [Provenance debug handles] cpp_fused_mul_0:1
        cpp_fused_mul_0(arg0_1, buf0)
        del arg0_1
        return (buf0, )
```
- After
```
cpp_fused_mul_0 = async_compile.cpp_pybinding(['const double*', 'double*'], r'''
#include <torch/csrc/inductor/cpp_prefix.h>
extern "C"  void  kernel(const double* in_ptr0,
                       double* out_ptr0)
{
    {
        for(int64_t x0=static_cast<int64_t>(0L); x0<static_cast<int64_t>(484L); x0+=static_cast<int64_t>(16L))
        {
            {
                if(C10_LIKELY(x0 >= static_cast<int64_t>(0) && x0 < static_cast<int64_t>(480L)))
                {
                    auto tmp0 = at::vec::VectorizedN<double,2>::loadu(in_ptr0 + static_cast<int64_t>(x0), static_cast<int64_t>(16));
                    auto tmp1 = tmp0 * tmp0;
                    tmp1.store(out_ptr0 + static_cast<int64_t>(x0), static_cast<int64_t>(16));
                }
                if(C10_UNLIKELY(x0 >= static_cast<int64_t>(480L) && x0 < static_cast<int64_t>(484L)))
                {
                    auto tmp0 = at::vec::VectorizedN<double,2>::loadu(in_ptr0 + static_cast<int64_t>(x0), static_cast<int64_t>(4L));
                    auto tmp1 = tmp0 * tmp0;
                    tmp1.store(out_ptr0 + static_cast<int64_t>(x0), static_cast<int64_t>(4L));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
''')

async_compile.wait(globals())
del async_compile

class Runner:
    def __init__(self, partitions):
        self.partitions = partitions

    def recursively_apply_fns(self, fns):
        new_callables = []
        for fn, c in zip(fns, self.partitions):
            new_callables.append(fn(c))
        self.partitions = new_callables

    def call(self, args):
        arg0_1, = args
        args.clear()
        assert_size_stride(arg0_1, (22, 22), (22, 1))
        buf0 = empty_strided_cpu((22, 22), (22, 1), torch.float64)
        # [Provenance debug handles] cpp_fused_mul_0:1
        cpp_fused_mul_0(arg0_1, buf0)
        del arg0_1
        return (buf0, )
```

Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/163316
Approved by: https://github.com/mingfeima, https://github.com/jansel

torch/_inductor/codegen/cpp.py

@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ VECTORIZABLE_DTYPES: list[torch.dtype] = [
 ]
 
 MASKED_VECTORIZABLE_DTYPES: list[torch.dtype] = [
+    torch.float64,
     torch.float,
     torch.bfloat16,
     torch.float16,