Converting a tree into a librdf model and then serializing is slow, requires a lot of memory, and is not feasible for large trees. Refactoring CDAOIO.Writer to write triples directly to file instead of using librdf. This also makes the API more similar to other Bio.Phylo modules.

Bio/Phylo/CDAOIO.py

@@ -88,8 +88,6 @@ def write(trees, handle, plain=False, **kwargs):
 class Parser(object):
     """Parse a CDAO tree given a file handle.
     """
-    urls = RDF_NAMESPACES
-
     def __init__(self, handle=None):
         self.handle = handle
         self.model = None
@@ -108,7 +106,7 @@ class Parser(object):
         return self.parse_model()
         
     def parse_handle_to_model(self, rooted=False, storage=None, 
-                              mime_type='text/turtle', context=None, **kwargs):
+                              parse_format='turtle', context=None, **kwargs):
         '''Parse self.handle into RDF model self.model.'''
 
         if storage is None:
@@ -123,7 +121,7 @@ class Parser(object):
         
         self.rooted = rooted
         
-        parser = RDF.Parser(mime_type=mime_type)
+        parser = RDF.Parser(name=parse_format)
         if parser is None:
             raise Exception('Failed to create RDF.Parser for MIME type %s' % mime_type)
         
@@ -258,58 +256,54 @@ class Parser(object):
 
 class Writer(object):
     """Based on the writer in Bio.Nexus.Trees (str, to_string)."""
-    urls = RDF_NAMESPACES
+    prefixes = RDF_NAMESPACES
 
     def __init__(self, trees):
         self.trees = trees
-        self.model = None
         
         self.node_counter = 0
         self.edge_counter = 0
         self.tu_counter = 0
         self.tree_counter = 0
 
-    def write(self, handle, mime_type='text/turtle', tree_uri='tree', context=None,
-              storage=None, record_complete_ancestry=False, **kwargs):
+    def write(self, handle, tree_uri='tree', context=None, record_complete_ancestry=False, 
+              rooted=False, **kwargs):
         """Write this instance's trees to a file handle.
-        
-        Keywords:
-            mime_type: used to determine the serialization format.
-                default is 'text/turtle'
+
+        If the handle is a librdf model, statements will be added directly to it.
         """
-        
+
+        self.rooted = rooted
         self.record_complete_ancestry = record_complete_ancestry
         
-        self.add_trees_to_model(storage=storage, tree_uri=tree_uri, context=context)
-        if storage is None: self.serialize_model(handle, mime_type=mime_type)
+        self.add_trees_to_handle(handle, tree_uri=tree_uri, context=context)
         
         
-    def add_trees_to_model(self, trees=None, storage=None, tree_uri='tree', context=None):
-        """Add triples describing a set of trees to an RDF model."""
+    def add_trees_to_handle(self, handle, trees=None, tree_uri='tree', context=None):
+        """Add triples describing a set of trees to handle, which can be either 
+        a file or a librdf model."""
+
+        is_librdf_model = isinstance(handle, RDF.Model)
+
+        if is_librdf_model and context: context = RDF.Node(RDF.Uri(context))
+        else: context = None
 
-        if context: context = RDF.Node(RDF.Uri(context))
         self.tree_uri = tree_uri
 
         Uri = RDF.Uri
-        urls = self.urls
+        prefixes = self.prefixes
         
         if trees is None:
             trees = self.trees
         
-        if storage is None:
-            # store RDF model in memory for now
-            storage = new_storage()
+        if is_librdf_model: 
+            Redland.librdf_model_transaction_start(handle._model)
+        else:
+            for prefix, url in prefixes.items():
+                handle.write('@prefix %s: <%s> .\n' % (prefix, url))
         
-        if self.model is None:
-            self.model = RDF.Model(storage)
-            if self.model is None:
-                raise CDAOError("new RDF.model failed")
-        model = self.model
-                    
-        Redland.librdf_model_transaction_start(model._model)
-        
-        for stmt in [(Uri(urls['cdao']), qUri('rdf:type'), qUri('owl:Ontology'))]:
-            model.append(RDF.Statement(*stmt), context)
+        for stmt in [(Uri(prefixes['cdao']), qUri('rdf:type'), qUri('owl:Ontology'))]:
+            self.add_stmt_to_handle(handle, RDF.Statement(*stmt), context)
         
         for tree in trees:
             self.tree_counter += 1
@@ -318,26 +312,42 @@ class Writer(object):
             first_clade = tree.clade
             statements = self.process_clade(first_clade, root=tree_uri)
             for stmt in statements:
-                model.append(stmt, context)
+                self.add_stmt_to_handle(handle, stmt, context)
                 
-        Redland.librdf_model_transaction_commit(model._model)
-            
-        model.sync()
-        
-            
-    def serialize_model(self, handle, mime_type='text/turtle'):
-        """Serialize RDF model to file handle"""        
-        
-        # serialize RDF model to output file
-        serializer = RDF.Serializer(mime_type=mime_type)
-        for prefix, url in self.urls.items():
-            serializer.set_namespace(prefix, url)
+        if is_librdf_model: 
+            Redland.librdf_model_transaction_commit(handle._model)
+            handle.sync()
 
-        handle.write(serializer.serialize_model_to_string(self.model))
+
+    def add_stmt_to_handle(self, handle, stmt, context):
+        if isinstance(handle, RDF.Model): handle.append(stmt, context)
+        else: 
+            # apply URI prefixes
+            stmt_parts = [stmt.subject, stmt.predicate, stmt.object]
+            stmt_strings = []
+            for n, part in enumerate(stmt_parts):
+                if part.is_resource():
+                    changed = False
+                    node_uri = str(part)
+                    if n > 0:
+                        for prefix, uri in self.prefixes.items():
+                            if node_uri.startswith(uri):
+                                node_uri = node_uri.replace(uri, '%s:'%prefix, 1)
+                                changed = True
+                        if changed: stmt_strings.append(node_uri)
+                        else: stmt_strings.append('<%s>' % node_uri)
+                    else: stmt_strings.append('<%s>' % node_uri)
+
+                elif part.is_literal():
+                    stmt_strings.append(('"%s"' % str(part.literal[0])) + 
+                                        (('^^<%s>' % str(part.literal[2])) if part.literal[2] else ''))
+                    
+                else:
+                    stmt_strings.append(str(part))
+            
+            handle.write('%s .\n' % ' '.join(stmt_strings))
         
-        return self.tree_counter
-                
-                
+            
     def process_clade(self, clade, parent=None, root=False):
         '''recursively generate statements describing a tree of clades'''
         
@@ -348,20 +358,17 @@ class Writer(object):
         
         nUri = lambda s: node_uri(self.tree_uri, s)
         Uri = RDF.Uri
-        urls = self.urls
         
         statements = []
         
         if root:
             # create a cdao:RootedTree with reference to the tree root
+            tree_type = qUri('cdao:RootedTree') if self.rooted else qUri('cdao:Tree')
+
             statements += [
-                           (nUri(self.tree_uri), qUri('rdf:type'), qUri('cdao:RootedTree')),
+                           (nUri(self.tree_uri), qUri('rdf:type'), tree_type),
                            (nUri(self.tree_uri), qUri('cdao:has_Root'), nUri(clade.uri)),
                            ]
-        else:
-            statements += [
-                           (nUri(self.tree_uri), qUri('rdf:type'), qUri('cdao:Tree'))
-                           ]
         
         if clade.name:
             # create TU